December 2007; Accepted 25 February 2008 A VARIANT ASSOCIATED WITH NICOTINE DEPENDENCE, LUNG CANCER AND PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE Thorgeir E.Frank Geller,, Patrick Sulem,, Thorunn Rafnar,, Anna Wiste,, Kristinn P.Andrei Manolescu, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Hreinn Stefansson, Andres Ingason, Simon N.Jon T.Steinunn Thorlacius, Julius Gudmundsson, Thorlakur Jonsson, Margret Jakobsdottir, Jona Saemundsdottir, Olof Olafsdottir, Larus J.Gyda Bjornsdottir, Kristleifur Kristjansson, Halla Skuladottir, Helgi J.Tomas Gudbjartsson, Gregory T.Mueller, Anders Gottster, Andrea Flex, Katja K.Femmie de Vegt, Peter F.Mulders, Dolores Isla, Maria J.Asin, Berta Saez, Laura Murillo, Thorsteinn Blondal, Halldor Kolbeinsson, Jon G.Ingunn Hansdottir, Valgerdur Runarsdottir, Roberto Pola,, Bengt Lindblad, Andre M.Rij, Benjamin Dieplinger, Meinhard Haltmayer, Jose I.Lambertus A.Stefan E.Hogni Oskarsson, Thorarinn Tyrfingsson, Daniel F.Jeffrey R.Steinn Jonsson, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir,, Augustine Kong & Kari Stefansson, deCODE Genetics, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Pathology, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of General Adult Psychiatry, and, Department of Medicine, Landspitali University Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland Department of Surgery, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder, 4020 Linz, Austria Center for Vascular Diseases, University Hospital, MAS, 205 02 Malm, Sweden Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, A.Hospital, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore School of Medicine, 00168 Rome, Italy Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands prehensive Cancer Center East, 6501 BG Nijmegen, The Netherlands Department of Urology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands Division of Medical Oncology, University Hospital, 5009 Zaragoza, Spain Nanotechnology Institute of Aragon, 5009 Zaragoza, Spain Health Science Institute, 5009 Zaragoza, Spain Division of Medical Oncology, Hospital Reina Sofia, 31500 Tudela, Spain Department of Lung Disease, Primary Health Care Centre, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland Vogur SAA Addiction Treatment Center, 112 Reykjavik, Iceland OASI Institute for Research and Care (IRCCS), 94018 Troina (EN), Italy School of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland Therapeia, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland These authors contributed equally to this work.E.Stefansson, Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to T.(Email: ) or K.(Email: ).Leading cause of preventable death, causing about 5 million premature deaths worldwide each year.For genetic influence on smoking behaviour and nicotine dependence (ND) has prompted a search for susceptibility genes.Assessing the impact of sequence variants on smoking-related diseases is important to public health.Is the major risk factor for lung cancer (LC) and is one of the main risk factors for peripheral arterial disease (PAD).We identify amon variant in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene cluster on chromosome 15q24 with an effect on smoking quantity, ND and the risk of two smoking-related diseases in populations of European descent.Variant has an effect on the number of cigarettes smoked per day in our sample of smokers.Same variant was associated with ND in a previous genome-wide association study that used low-quantity smokers as controls, and with a similar approach we observe a highly significant association with ND.Cases of LC and PAD with population controls each showed that the variant confers risk of LC and PAD.Read more Facelift, botox, or both? depends upon your decade of life
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